Phosphate Mineral

Brazilianite

The Chartreuse Gem

Chartreuse Yellow-Green
Olive Green
Pale Yellow

Quick Facts

FormulaNaAl₃(PO₄)₂(OH)₄
SystemMonoclinic
LusterVitreous
StreakWhite
TransparencyTransparent to Translucent
Sp. Gravity2.98
Mohs Hardness
5.5

Formation & Origin

Brazilianite was first described in 1945 from pegmatites in Minas Gerais, Brazil. It was initially mistaken for chrysoberyl because of its yellow-green color and vitreous luster, but analysis revealed it was an entirely new mineral - a sodium-aluminum phosphate.

It forms in lithium-bearing granitic pegmatites, crystallizing from phosphate-rich fluids in the late stages of pegmatite formation. The distinctive chartreuse (yellow-green) color is inherent to the chemistry rather than from trace elements. Brazilianite crystals can be large (up to 15cm+), well-formed, and highly transparent.

Despite its beauty, brazilianite remains a collector's gem rather than a mainstream jeweler's stone. The relatively low hardness (5.5) and perfect cleavage make it somewhat fragile for ring wear. Its unusual chartreuse color is unique among faceted gemstones and is its primary appeal.

Identification Guide

Brazilianite is identified by its distinctive chartreuse yellow-green color, monoclinic crystal habit (elongated prismatic), hardness of 5.5, and perfect cleavage. RI of 1.602-1.623 and SG of 2.98 distinguish it from most similar-looking gems.

Distinguish from chrysoberyl (much harder at 8.5), peridot (orthorhombic, different RI), and amblygonite (paler, slightly different RI range). Brazilianite's specific chartreuse tone is rare among gem minerals.

Spotting Fakes

Brazilianite is too obscure and affordable to be commonly faked. The main risk is confusion with more valuable chrysoberyl or peridot. Hardness testing quickly separates them: brazilianite at 5.5 is dramatically softer than chrysoberyl at 8.5. The cleavage and lower hardness make brazilianite more fragile than most jewelry stones.

Cultural & Metaphysical Traditions

Presented as cultural traditions, not scientific evidence

Brazilianite is associated with personal empowerment, ethical action, and creative expression. Its unique color (not quite yellow, not quite green) connects it to the space between the solar plexus and heart chakras. Practitioners use it for overcoming self-doubt and aligning personal will with higher purpose.

Where It's Found

Brazil - Conselheiro Pena, Minas Gerais

Type locality, finest gem crystals

United States - Palermo Mine, New Hampshire

Co-type locality, good crystal specimens

Brazil - Divino das Laranjeiras, Minas Gerais

Additional production

Price Guide

Entry$20-80 crystal specimens
Mid-Range$50-200 faceted gems
Collector$200-1,000+ large transparent crystals

Good to Know

💎

Scratch test: At hardness 5.5, Brazilianite resists scratching from a knife but can be scratched by quartz. Best for pendants and earrings rather than rings.

🌍

Sources: Found in 3 notable locations worldwide, from Brazil to Brazil.

⚖️

Heft test: Brazilianite has average mineral density (2.98). It feels about as heavy as you'd expect from a stone its size.